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Flavius Arinthaeus
Flavius Arinthaeus (died AD 378) was a Roman politician and military officer, serving the emperors Constantius II, Julian the Apostate, Jovian and Valens. He was appointed consul in AD 372 alongside Domitius Modestus.
==Early Career==
Beginning his service as a career military officer, in AD 354/5 Arinthaeus served as a ''tribunus'' in Raetia.〔Martindale & Jones, pg. 102〕 He belonged to one of the legions which accompanied the emperor Constantius II on his campaign against the Alemanni, where Arinthaeus was instrumental in securing a victory against the enemy in difficult circumstances.〔Ammianus Marcellinus, ''Res Gestae'', Book XV, 4:10〕 Rising through the ranks, he became one of the palace court officials under Constantius.〔Ammianus Marcellinus, ''Res Gestae'', Book XXV, 5:2〕 In AD 361, he accompanied Constantius in the emperor’s march against the ''Caesar'' Julian in Gaul.〔Lenski, pg. 14〕
Arinthaeus is next mentioned in AD 363, where as ''Comes rei militaris'', he accompanied the emperor Julian on his Persian campaign. He was put in charge of the cavalry on the left wing during the advance into Asuristan, and he repulsed at least one attack by the Persians on their way through.〔Boeft, pg. xix〕 He later commanded an infantry force during Julian’s engagement outside of Ctesiphon, where he ravaged the countryside and pursued what Persians he could find.〔Martindale & Jones, pgs. 102-103; Boeft, pg. xxi〕
With Julian’s death in Mesopotamia, Arinthaeus and a number of other court officials who had served under Constantius began looking among their number for a replacement, but were opposed by Julian’s Gallic officers. Eventually Arinthaeus and the rest agreed to the elevation of Salutius, who refused to accept the imperial nomination, and they were forced to accept the elevation of Jovian. Jovian kept much of Julian’s senior staff intact, and one of his first acts was to send both Arinthaeus and Salutius to negotiate a truce with the Sassanid king Shapur II. The negotiations lasted around four days, and it saw Arinthaeus hammer out a compromise whereby the Romans gave up five satrapies on the eastern side of the Tigris River, and abandoned control of eastern Mesopotamia, while retaining all of western Mesopotamia.〔Lenski, pgs. 161-163〕 Roman influence was also restricted in and around Armenia.〔Lenski, pgs. 164-165〕 On their way back from the east, Jovian dispatched Arinthaeus to Gaul, where he was ordered to confirm Jovinus as the ''Magister equitum'' there.〔Martindale & Jones, pg. 103〕
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